Which model primarily attributes illness and disease to biological factors?

The biomedical model is primarily focused on attributing illness and disease to biological factors. This model operates on the assumption that medical conditions can be understood through physiological processes, genetics, infections, and other biological mechanisms. It emphasizes the importance of physical health and often relies on diagnostic tests, treatment protocols, and medical interventions that target these biological causes directly.

In contrast, the holistic model incorporates a broader perspective, taking into account not only biological aspects but also psychological, social, and environmental factors that may influence health. The socioeconomic model focuses on the impact of economic and social conditions on health outcomes, recognizing that factors such as income, education, and environment play significant roles in health disparities. The ecological model also examines the interplay between individuals and their environment but does so by considering multiple levels of influence, including social and cultural contexts, rather than concentrating solely on biological determinants.

Given these distinctions, the biomedical model is the most accurate choice, as it specifically and primarily emphasizes biological factors as the key influences on health and disease.